Environmental Remediation of Antibiotic and Pharmaceutical Pollutants using Phyconanomaterials

Consequently, phyconanotechnology, an area of study that looks at the synthesis of nanometals using algae, has grown. This can be found in the environment as well as in freshwater. The technique of phytoremediation uses microalgae, macroalgae and cyanobacteria for the degradation of waste or bio information of pollutants. Metals, including gold and metal oxides, silver and titanium oxides, are also used for environmental remediation. Concerns regarding ecological pollutants' possible detrimental impacts on the biosphere are developing as they have been found and measured in more significant numbers in all three environments -- the air, water, and soil. Due to widespread human consumption and incorrect or untreated release into the environment, heavy metals and dyes are a significant source of worry. In recent times, there has been an exploration of nano materials' potential to combat environmental pollution. The effectiveness of these materials against various dyes and heavy metals has been demonstrated. Most species have been shown to use mechanisms including biosorption, accumulation, degradation, volatilization, and complexation, even if the precise mechanism underlying the phytoremediation technique is yet unknown. This chapter overviews environmental contamination, related threats to public health, and remediation techniques at the outset. The present discourse delves into the production mechanism of nanoparticles and their characterization techniques, as well as the involvement of algae bioactive substances when creating nanoparticles as a means of lowering, capping, or stabilizing agents. The article's conclusion highlights the prospects and significance of this fascinating topic for environmental restoration.